Functional Anatomy of the Core Exam

There are _______ muscular layers in the abdominal wall.

The most superficial abdominal muscles are the_______and the_______.

The rectus abdominis can flex the trunk and_______.

The_______is the largest muscle in the abdominal region.

Left rotation of the trunk with the lower body anchored, such as throwing a ball with the right arm, is accomplished by the synergistic function of the_______.

The psoas muscles are_______.

The quadratus lumborum is the_______and is_______.

Side sit-ups may aggravate any pre-existing condition in the quadratus lumborum.

Poor tongue positioning during abdominal exercises may lead to strain of the deep cervical flexors and/or over development of the sternocleidomastoid muscles.

A common result of strained cervical flexors is_______.

When assessing posture from the side, what point is used as the primary reference?

Anterior pelvictilt causes_______.

Improper strength and conditioning techniques for the abdominal musculature can cause_______.

A long term postural change associated with increased postural curvatures is_______.

A loss of agility, spinal mobility and a decreased sense of balance may be associated with_______.

The abdominal muscles are_______.

Strength development of the abdominal muscles can be done daily because the abdominal muscula¬ture repairs itself faster than any other muscle in the body.

Core deficiencies increase an individual’s risk for lower extremity injuries.

Describe two short-term (hours to weeks) implications of poor training technique with abdominal exercise.

Describe two long-term (months) implications of abdominal training with poor technique.

Aside from respiration, what is the main function of the transversus abdominis?

The external oblique is a contralateral rotator when_______.

When performing trunk flexion exercises against gravity, it is best to_______ to protect the neck.

At 90% of lumbar flexion, the body switches from_______support to_______support.

What force-couple relationship is involved in supporting the sacroiliac joints?

Sacroiliac joint pain is often the result of_______.

Describe the long-term effect on the abdominal wall from wearing a weight belt.

The external oblique is an ipsilateral rotator when_______.

The intra-abdominal pressure mechanism alleviates between_______and_______of the load in the lumbar spine at the L4 and L5 levels.

Which back muscle may be a flexor of the spine?